Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease caused by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Recently, there has been an alarming cholera outbreak in Nigeria, posing a significant threat to public health. At 247Pharmacy, our healthcare practitioners are committed to providing essential information to help you protect yourself and your loved ones from this potentially deadly disease. Here are crucial tips and preventive measures to avoid cholera and maintain your health.
Understanding Cholera
Cholera is an acute diarrheal illness that can cause rapid dehydration and can be fatal if left untreated. The disease spreads primarily through contaminated water and food. Symptoms typically appear within two to five days after infection and can range from mild to severe.
Common Symptoms:
- Severe diarrhea
- Vomiting
- Rapid heart rate
- Loss of skin elasticity
- Low blood pressure
- Thirst
- Muscle cramps
Tips to Prevent Cholera
Ensure Safe Drinking Water
- Boil water for at least one minute before drinking or using it for cooking.
- Use water purification tablets or a reliable water filter.
- Drink bottled water if boiling or purification is not possible.
Practice Good Hygiene
- Wash your hands frequently with soap and clean water, especially before eating or preparing food and after using the toilet.
- Use hand sanitizer containing at least 60% alcohol if soap and water are not available.
Consume Safe Food
- Eat food that is thoroughly cooked and served hot.
- Avoid raw or undercooked seafood.
- Peel fruits and vegetables yourself; avoid those that cannot be peeled.
- Avoid food from street vendors, as it may be contaminated.
Proper Sanitation
- Use toilets or latrines; do not defecate in bodies of water or near water sources.
- Dispose of feces safely to prevent contamination of water supplies.
Maintain Clean Surroundings
- Keep your living environment clean, especially kitchen and bathroom areas.
- Properly dispose of garbage to prevent flies from spreading the bacteria.
Stay Informed
- Stay updated on local health advisories and news about the cholera outbreak.
- Follow guidelines and recommendations from health authorities.
Treatment and When to Seek Help
Rehydration
- Oral rehydration salts (ORS) are crucial for treating dehydration caused by cholera. They can be purchased from pharmacies or prepared at home with the right ingredients.
- Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated.
Seek Medical Attention
- If you or someone you know experiences severe diarrhea and vomiting, seek medical attention immediately.
- Early treatment with antibiotics and rehydration can be lifesaving.
Vaccination
- Cholera vaccines are available and can provide protection against the disease. Consult with healthcare professionals to see if vaccination is recommended.
